West Nile virus envelope protein E

This protein is the major envelope protein of West Nile virus, neurotropic flaviviruses that can cause acute encephalitis with a high fatality rate. Alpha-V-beta-3 integrin serves as the functional receptor for virus entry into cells (Chu and Ng, 2004; Lee et al, 2006).

Arjona et al (2007) have reported that the viral envelope protein specifically impairs the innate immune response by blocking the production of antiviral and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by dsRNA in murine macrophages. This immunosuppressive effect does not depend on TLR3 functions. The viral protein acts at the level of receptor-interacting protein RIP.

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Entry last modified: January 2008