bystander apoptosis |
bZIP domain |
Bcmd/BR3 |
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[bystander cell]
This term essentially means the same as neighbouring cells or near-by-cells and thus does not refer to any specific cell type. It refers to those cells that are not directly the target of whatever biological phenomenon is under investigation. While not being a direct target, these neighbours of a target cells may respond to soluble factors secreted by target cells or interact with factors expressed on the membranes of directly affected cells (see also: paracrine, juxtacrine retrocrine, trans-signaling).
The term is reminiscent of the term bystander effect (radiation-induced 'non-targeted effects') used in radiation biology. This term describes a biological phenomenon whereby
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