Vaccinia virus A46R protein |
Vaccinia virus A52R P13 peptide |
embryonic stem cell-associated transcript 11 |
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This protein is encoded in the genome of Vaccinia virus. The protein promotes immune evasion and virulence. Protein A49 blocks the activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-kappa-B by preventing ubiquitination and degradation of the endogenous inhibitor I-kappa-B-alpha. This involves sequestering cellular Beta-TrCP, a protein required for the degradation of the inhibitor. A49 protein stabilises phosphorylated I-kappa-B-alpha and its interaction with the p65 subunit of NF-kappa-B, thereby preventing p65 nuclear translocation.
Despite encoding nine other inhibitors of NF-kappa-B, a virus lacking A49 shows reduced virulence in vivo (Mansur et al, 2013). Neidel et al (2015) have reported that
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